Millipore Sigma Vibrant Logo
Attention: We have moved. EMD Millipore products are no longer available for purchase on emdmillipore.com.Learn More
 
Life Science Research
 

Protein Visualization

 Request Information
Related Resources: Brochures | Application Notes
Most Western blot users visualize transferred proteins using stains, such as Ponceau S or Coomassie® Blue. However, users of PVDF membrane have the opportunity to assess transfer efficiency using transillumination. Areas of PVDF coated with transferred protein are capable of wetting out in 20% methanol while the surrounding areas of PVDF are not. In the areas where the PVDF wets, it becomes optically transparent, allowing visualization of protein bands using backlighting and photographic archiving.

Click on the protein visualization topics to read about the possible causes and remedies:

Poor Detection by Transillumination

Areas of PVDF coated with transferred protein are capable of wetting out in 20% methanol while the surrounding areas of PVDF are not.
Areas of PVDF coated with transferred protein are capable of wetting out in 20% methanol while the surrounding areas of PVDF are not.
Possible CauseRemedy
Inappropriate membrane
  • Transillumination works best with Immobilon®-P transfer membrane. It is not recommended for nitrocellulose or Immobilon®-PSQ transfer membrane.
Membrane wasn’t completely dried prior to wetting with methanol
  • Be sure that the membrane was dried completely after the transfer prior to immersing it in the 20% methanol solution. Make sure to use a 20% methanol solution.
Blot saturated with water only
  • Saturate the blot with 20% methanol.
Insufficiently saturated blot
  • Increase concentration of methanol up to 40%.
Back to Top

Weak or Uneven Stain

Possible CauseRemedy
Membrane wasn’t wetted in methanol prior to staining
  • The membrane must be pre-wet with methanol; the entire membrane should change uniformly from opaque to semitransparent.
Back to Top

Uneven/Splotchy Results

Possible CauseRemedy
Use sufficient volume of incubation solutions and ensure that the membrane is completely covered with these solutions during incubation.
  • The container used should be large enough to allow solution to move freely across the blot. Do not incubate more than one blot at a time in that same container. In addition, the protein side of the blot should be facing up so as not to be interacting with the bottom surface of the container.
Air bubbles
  • The blot should not have any air bubbles on the surface. Gently pull the membrane across the edge of the container to remove bubbles.
Poor reagent quality
Back to Top

High Background Staining

Possible CauseRemedy
Nonspecific protein binding to the membrane
Back to Top